在电商开发的修罗场里摸爬滚打这些年，和京东商品详情 API 接口的 “较量” 堪称一部跌宕起伏的奋斗史。从申请权限时的层层关卡，到数据解析时的各种 “暗礁”，今天就把这段实战经历掰开揉碎，配上亲测有效的代码，给大伙避避雷！
还记得第一次对接京东 API，天真地以为和其他平台大同小异。结果光是申请开发者权限就碰了一鼻子灰 —— 京东对企业资质审核极为严格，营业执照、ICP 备案、应用场景说明反复修改了三轮，整整一周才收到通过通知。好不容易拿到App Key和App Secret，签名算法又成了拦路虎。京东采用的 HMAC-SHA256 加密方式，对参数拼接顺序、URL 编码要求近乎苛刻，稍有差错就返回10001签名错误。那段时间熬夜翻看官方文档、GitHub 示例，终于啃出了签名生成函数：
python
运行
import hashlib
import hmac
import time
import urllib.parse
def generate_signature(params, app_secret):
sorted_params = sorted(params.items(), key=lambda x: x[0])
query_str = ""
for k, v in sorted_params:
if isinstance(v, list):
v = ",".join(map(str, v))
query_str += f"{k}{v}"
sign_str = f"{app_secret}{query_str}{app_secret}"
return hmac.new(
app_secret.encode('utf-8'),
sign_str.encode('utf-8'),
hashlib.sha256
).hexdigest().upper()
# 使用示例
api_params = {
"method": "jd.union.open.goods.query",
"app_key": "your_app_key",
"keyword": "手机",
"timestamp": str(int(time.time()))
}
signed_params = generate_signature(api_params, "your_app_secret")解决了签名问题，新的 “坑” 接踵而至。京东对 API 调用频率限制十分严格，不同接口还有差异化限流策略。为了避免触发封禁，我用 Python 的asyncio结合信号量，实现了异步请求与限流控制：
python
运行
import asyncio
import aiohttp
class RateLimiter:
def __init__(self, rate_limit):
self.semaphore = asyncio.Semaphore(rate_limit)
async def limit(self):
async with self.semaphore:
yield
async def fetch_product_detail(session, sku_id, signed_params):
async with RateLimiter(10).limit():
url = "https://api.jd.com/routerjson"
params = {**signed_params, "sku_id": sku_id}
async with session.get(url, params=params) as response:
return await response.json()
async def main(sku_ids, signed_params):
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
tasks = [fetch_product_detail(session, sku, signed_params) for sku in sku_ids]
results = await asyncio.gather(*tasks)
return results
# 示例调用
sku_ids = ["123456789", "987654321"]
signed_params = {...} # 已签名参数
asyncio.run(main(sku_ids, signed_params))python数据实例
"stock": {
"skuId": "100031963708",
"realSkuId": "100031963708",
"ArrivalDate": "",
"Drd": "",
"sidDely": 182,
"promiseResult": "20:00前付款，预计<b>明天(07月02日)</b>送达",
"isJDexpress": false,
"StockState": 33,
"rn": -1,
"code": 1,
"weightValue": "0.055kg",
"fxgCode": "0",
"afsCode": 1,
"ir": [
{
"iconSrc": "京准达",
"iconTip": "选择京准达服务，可指定精确时间点收货；若京东责任超时，即时赔付",
"helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
"iconCode": "sendpay_zhun",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "京准达",
"picUrl": "http://m.360buyimg.com/mobilecms/jfs/t3172/266/1698067915/1634/64a0c40e/57d25fcfNd9c62bb7.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 1
},
{
"iconSrc": "211限时达",
"iconTip": "上午下单，下午送达",
"helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/91-953.html",
"iconCode": "sendpay_211",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "211限时达",
"picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/zhongbiao.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 1
},
{
"iconSrc": "明日达",
"iconTip": "指定时间前下单，最快明日达",
"helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
"iconCode": "sendpay_nextday",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "明日达",
"picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/zhongbiao.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 1
},
{
"iconSrc": "预约送货",
"iconTip": "京东物流为该商品提供预约送货服务",
"helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
"iconCode": "service_yysh",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "预约送货",
"picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/116316/15/7402/1031/5ec22ca4E713f857c/dd49784b20933cf5.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 6
},
{
"iconSrc": "部分收货",
"iconTip": "如果收件人收货时发现部分货物存在缺少配件、物流损等情形，京东物流提供订单半收服务",
"helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
"iconCode": "service_bfsh",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "部分收货",
"picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/108073/34/18517/1071/5ec22ce0E11a3b1c5/f8ffea5f4cafa0f9.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 6
},
{
"iconSrc": "送货上门",
"iconTip": "京东快递为您提供送货上服务",
"helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/254-4130.html",
"iconCode": "service_sssm",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "送货上门",
"picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/115738/37/12143/1066/5f0c7d11E4faee520/de3879572e2b2014.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 6
},
{
"iconSrc": "59元免基础运费",
"iconTip": "所选地址自营订单满59元免基础运费(20kg内)，超出重量加收1元/kg续重运费。",
"helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
"iconCode": "free_delivery_zhong",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "59元免基础运费",
"picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/mianyunfei.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 4
},
{
"iconSrc": "京东物流",
"iconTip": "京东物流为您提供仓配一体供应链服务",
"helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/list-81.html",
"iconCode": "service_jdwl",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "京东物流",
"picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/130756/9/11972/4289/5f8674d3Eabfebbef/bb964241bd789a72.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 4
},
{
"iconSrc": "7天价保",
"iconTip": "在下单或签收7天内，商品出现降价可享受价保服务，部分特殊场景不支持价保，可点击”>"了解详细规则",
"helpLink": "https://help.jd.com/user/issue/291-548.html",
"iconCode": "service_guominwuyou",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "7天价保",
"picUrl": "https://m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/85923/26/10113/3475/5e144da1Ef978a914/d3d44f85b4221cf6.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 3
},
{
"iconSrc": "自提",
"iconTip": "我们提供多种自提服务，包括京东自提点、自助提货柜、京东校园派、京东星配站、京东便民站等服务",
"helpLink": "//help.jd.com/user/issue/103-983.html",
"iconCode": "special_ziti",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "自提",
"picUrl": "//static.360buyimg.com/item/assets/picon/shoutixiang.png",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 5
}
],
"promiseYX": {
"iconSrc": "7天无理由退货",
"iconTip": "支持7天无理由退货",
"helpLink": "http://help.jd.com/user/issue/126-3780.html",
"iconCode": "service_qitiantuihuo",
"resultCode": 1,
"showName": "7天无理由退货",
"picUrl": "",
"iconType": 0,
"iconServiceType": 3
},
"self_D": {
"venderId": 1000085871,
"colType": 0,
"shopId": 1000085871,
"shopName": "zippo京东自营旗舰店",
"vender": "zippo京东自营旗舰店",
"hotLine": "",
"shopWebsite": "http://zippo.jd.com",
"po": true,
"url": "//zippo.jd.com"
},
"serviceInfo": "由<spanclass=hl_red>京东</span>发货,<ahref=zippo.jd.comclstag=shangpin|keycount|product|bbtnclass=hl_red>zippo京东自营旗舰店</a>提供售后服务",
"sid": 182,
"preStore": -1,
"unifiedServiceTag": {
"enable": true,
"freightIconCodes": [
"free_delivery",
"free_delivery_zhong",
"free_delivery_fresh",
"free_delivery_fresh_zhong",
"Free_nbaoyou",
"Free_nsxbaoyou",
"free_baoyou",
"free_sxbaoyou"
],
"iconServiceTypes": [
"1",
"5",
"6"
],
"tsfw": [
{
"code": "s26",
"desc": "在下单或签收7天内，商品出现降价可享受价保服务（商品在消费者下单后因参与百亿补贴、政府补贴等活动导致降价不支持价保），可点击“>”了解详细规则",
"helpUrl": "https://ihelp.jd.com/l/help/scene/getSceneDetail?id=337318",
"logoUrl": "//m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/166785/27/4308/10074/60113548Ea9bb7dbb/be0bac01dccf5f52.png",
"name": "7天价保",
"shortDesc": "7天内买贵退差价",
"iHelpLink": "https://ihelp.jd.com/l/help/scene/getSceneDetail?id=325798",
"ihelpLink": "https://ihelp.jd.com/l/help/scene/getSceneDetail?id=325798",
"mimgUrl": "//m.360buyimg.com/babel/jfs/t1/222474/40/8926/4033/61de8162E9b3a5a0c/b11a4cc5342015b0.png",
"mimgUrl2": "//m.360buyimg.com/lme/jfs/t1/222228/21/20461/3101/63048db5Ef37ece2e/83f0be5658b2f25b.png"
},
{
"code": "s141",
"desc": "由京东指定供应商提供售后服务",
"name": "供应商售后",
"shortDesc": "京东指定供应商售后"python
运行
def parse_product_data(raw_data):
try:
return {
"product_name": raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("wareName", ""),
"current_price": float(raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("jdPrice", 0)),
"original_price": float(raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("marketPrice", 0)),
"stock": int(raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("stockNum", 0)),
"brand": raw_data.get("wareInfo", {}).get("brandName", "")
}
except KeyError as e:
print(f"字段缺失: {e}")
return {}
# 示例调用
raw_response = {...} # API返回数据
parsed_data = parse_product_data(raw_response)最惊险的一次，帮客户开发商品比价系统时，突然遇到京东接口升级，原本正常的 “商品副标题” 字段被替换成了 “shortTitle”。由于没有做字段兼容性处理，导致前端页面大量数据缺失。吃一堑长一智，后来每次调用 API 都会写版本兼容函数，动态适配字段变化：
python
运行
def adapt_data_fields(data):
if "wareName" in data.get("wareInfo", {}):
data["wareInfo"]["product_title"] = data["wareInfo"].pop("wareName")
if "jdPrice" in data.get("wareInfo", {}):
data["wareInfo"]["current_price"] = data["wareInfo"].pop("jdPrice")
return data
# 示例调用
adapted_data = adapt_data_fields(raw_response)这些年踩过的坑、写过的代码，都成了宝贵的经验。如果有遇到其他问题都可以一起交流！
